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TABLE 1. Continued Year Source Article type Methods and findings on irremediability Empirical studies 2018 Tuffrey-Wijne et al. Euthanasia and assisted suicide for people with an intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorder: an examination of nine relevant euthanasia cases in the Netherlands (2012-2016). BMC Med Ethics. 2018;19(1):17. Qualitative analysis of 9 cases reports. Methods: analyzed 9 case reports of Dutch patients with autism or intellectual disability who died through PAD between 2012 and 2016. Findings on irremediability: shows that the Dutch PAD due care criteria do not appear to act as adequate safeguards for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism spectrum disorder. 2019 Nicolini ME, Peteet JR, Donovan GK, Kim SYH (2019). Euthanasia and assisted suicide of persons with psychiatric disorders: the challenge of personality disorders. Psychological Medicine 1–8. Quantitative case-series analysis. Methods: analyzed all psychiatric PAD cases involving personality and related disorders published by the Dutch regional euthanasia review committees (N = 74, from 2011 to October 2017). Findings on irremediability: Past psychiatric treatments varied: e.g. hospitalization and psychotherapy were not tried in 27% and 28%, respectively. 51% of patients refused some form of treatment. IRREMEDIABLE PSYCHIATRIC SUFFERING IN THE CONTEXT OF PHYSICIAN ASSISTED DEATH | 67 4

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