4 95 Neural and affective responses to prolonged eye contact with parents and unfamiliar others in depressed and non-depressed adolescents Figure 4.2 Mean levels of self-reported mood (A) and feelings of connectedness (B) after the videos of each target (i.e., parent, unfamiliar peer, unfamiliar adult, self) in either gaze direction (i.e., direct and averted) in HC (n = 59) and DEP adolescents (n = 19). Eye contact boosted the mood and feelings of connectedness in HCs. Eye contact did not boost the mood of depressed adolescents and they reported lower feelings of connectedness after seeing their parent relative to seeing unfamiliar others compared to HC adolescents. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Significant p-values <.05 are indicated by *, p <.01 by **, and p <.001 by ***. Gaze responses HC adolescents gazed more towards the eye region of targets during videos of direct versus averted gaze (B = 3.09, SE = 1.22, t(611) = 2.54, p = .011, d = 0.20, see Figure 4.3-B left panel). Our analyses did not reveal a main effect of target (p = .143), nor an interaction between gaze direction and target on adolescents’ gaze responses to the eye region of targets (p = .557).
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