3.3 Ten-year trends for heart failure outcomes 175 targeted interventions. Moreover, the differential HF outcomes by sex and ethnicity seen here highlights the importance of incorporating these determinants into risk predictions models or when calculating likely accrual endpoints in the design of therapeutic studies. CONCLUSION Gradual improvements in short-term mortality were seen across sex and ethnicities although relative differences between ethnic subgroups remain apparent. The steady rise in 30-day readmission post-discharge and stagnating 1-year mortality rate raises concern, signalling a need for pro-active efforts from policymakers, physicians and researchers in making HF a priority disease area.
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