CHAPTER 2.1 24 Values are expressed as mean standard deviation or number (%) *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 a. data from SwedeHF only b. comparison between RCT and registry (RCT-eligible) population (independent t-test for continuous and ꭓ2 -test for categorical variables) c. RCT data only from CONFIRM, FAIR HF and PANTHEON d. Statistical comparisons were not done for ACEI/ ARB and β-blocker because these treatments were part of the criteria for selecting RCTeligible registry patients Percentages may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin-II receptor blocker; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CI, confidence intervals; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRT, cardiac resynchronisation therapy; HF, heart failure; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; TIA, transient ischaemic attack Table 1 (continued). Characteristics of HFrEF patients by RCT and registry groups Registry population RCT vs RCT-eligible RCT population N= 16 922 RCT- eligible N= 26 104 (56%) RCT-noneligible N=20 810 (44%) Difference in mean or proportion (99% CI) p-value b Clinical outcomes at 1 year All-cause mortality 1112 (7%) 2674 (12%) a 4482 (26%) a -5.1% (-5.9%, -4.4%) *** Cardiovascular mortality 1005 (6%) 2026 (9%) a 3114 (18%) a -2.9% (-3.6%, -2.3%) *** First HF hospitalization 1399 (8%) 5544 (24%) a 4310 (25%) a -16.0% (-16.9%, -15.1%) *** Cardiovascular medications at baseline ACEI/ ARB d 15 251 (90%) 26 104 (100%) 14 773 (71%) - - β -blocker d 14 808 (88%) 26 104 (100%) 15 392 (75%) - - MRA 7294 (43%) 10 275 (40%) 6880 (33%) 3% (2%, 5%) *** Diuretic 12 120 (72%) 20 697 (79%) 16 379 (79%) -8% (-9%, -7%) *** Antiplatelet 13 208 (78%) 12 329 (47%) 9788 (47%) 31% (30%, 32%) *** Digitalis 2500 (15%) 4447 (17%) 3002 (14%) -2% (-3%, -1%) *** Statins 11 231 (66%) 13 995 (54%) 9674 (47%) 13% (11%, 14%) ***
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